# Public Transport Acceleration Technologies

Trams and Buses communicate with traffic lights to get priority and ensure safety in different traffic scenarios. On different locations on the line, they send out a signal to the traffic light to communicate where there are currently located (pre-registration, registration, doors closed and doors closed). This is interpreted by the traffic light to change the order and duration of its cycles.

<figure><img src="https://2698620251-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F5V8KZ1pPoM2JFseZZyxE%2Fuploads%2FMbKDgLs5sTFv5TBoK7Eq%2Flsa-beeinflussungs-stecke.png?alt=media&#x26;token=dfbc5eeb-d580-4397-b897-51aa63ef0e59" alt="" width="563"><figcaption><p>Traffic light controlled by radio links of buses and trams. Modified grafic from </p></figcaption></figure>

Different standards are used by different cities. Most notably the VDV standard. The image below shows what standard is used in major cities. The different section will list what city uses which standard.

<figure><img src="https://2698620251-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F5V8KZ1pPoM2JFseZZyxE%2Fuploads%2FY1L6PSJI2x8upBYjKlL8%2Fvcdb-map-ampelbeeinflussung.png?alt=media&#x26;token=d1b6a5ed-2bc9-4720-aaeb-fcbf5ba42729" alt=""><figcaption><p><a href="https://opus4.hbz-nrw.de/opus45-bast/frontdoor/deliver/index/docId/2595/file/V353+BF+Gesamtversion.pdf">Map from bast</a> displaying selected cities with traffic lights controlled by public transport.</p></figcaption></figure>

## VDV Standard

* VDV (Verband Deutscher Verkehrsverbünde) standardized R09 Telegrams in [VDV420](https://knowhow.vdv.de/documents/420/).
* They are sent out with a form of AFSK (FSK over FM) mostly in the 2m band. More information on how to receive this data can be found [here](https://docs.tlm.solutions/infrastructure/r09-receiver).
* Data contained in the telegrams is:
  * Reporting point (Meldepunkt) containing an ID of the traffic light, some kind of information where the vehicle is located and its direction of travel. How a reporting point is "assembled" is not standardized and up to the transport company&#x20;
  * Optional: a line number
  * Optional: a run number
  * Optional: a destination number
  * Optional: delay
  * Optional: other fields used as the standard intends or for custom purposes&#x20;
* The table below shows different cities in Germany that use this standard.

<table><thead><tr><th>City</th><th width="97">Verified</th><th width="131">Frequency</th><th width="154">Telegram Type</th><th>Source</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Aachen</td><td>✅</td><td>152.85MHz</td><td>R10</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Augsburg</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Baden-Baden</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Berlin (Strab)</td><td>✅</td><td>170.45MHz</td><td>R09.16</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Bielefeld</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Bocholt</td><td></td><td></td><td>R09.14</td><td><a href="https://www.bocholt.de/uploads/media/Angaben_im_Rahmen_der_Vorabbekanntmachung.pdf">https://www.bocholt.de/uploads/media/Angaben_im_Rahmen_der_Vorabbekanntmachung.pdf</a></td></tr><tr><td>Bochum</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Bonn</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Braunschweig</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Bremen</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Bünde</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Chemnitz</td><td>✅</td><td>153.87MHz</td><td>R09.16</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cottbus</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Darmstadt</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Detmold</td><td></td><td>152.85MHz</td><td>R09.16</td><td><a href="https://www.detmold.de/fileadmin/user_upload/startseite/Wirtschaft_und_Wissenschaft_in_Detmold/Verkehr/OePNVG_NRW/Anlage_3_Beschreibung_Busbeschleunigung_und_Auflistung_aller_Ampelanlagen_LSA.pdf">https://www.detmold.de/fileadmin/user_upload/startseite/Wirtschaft_und_Wissenschaft_in_Detmold/Verkehr/OePNVG_NRW/Anlage_3_Beschreibung_Busbeschleunigung_und_Auflistung_aller_Ampelanlagen_LSA.pdf</a></td></tr><tr><td>Dresden</td><td>✅</td><td>170.81MHz</td><td>R09.16</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Düsseldorf</td><td>✅</td><td>155.63MHz</td><td>R09.07</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Essen</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Esslingen</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Frankfurt a. M.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Freiburg</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Freising</td><td>✅</td><td>150.813MHz</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Gelsenkirchen</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Gera</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Görlitz</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Gotha</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Halberstadt</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Halle (Saale)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hannover</td><td>✅</td><td>150.91MHz</td><td>R09.14</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ingolstadt</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Jena</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Kaiserslautern</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Karlsruhe</td><td>✅</td><td>152.93MHz mind. für Busse</td><td>R09.16</td><td><a href="https://www.pforzheim.de/fileadmin/user_upload/veroeffentlichungen/vr_koenigsbach_neulingen/anlage_3_lsa_beschreibung_und_telegramm.pdf">https://www.pforzheim.de/fileadmin/user_upload/veroeffentlichungen/vr_koenigsbach_neulingen/anlage_3_lsa_beschreibung_und_telegramm.pdf</a></td></tr><tr><td>Kassel</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Kiel</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Koblenz</td><td></td><td></td><td>R09.16</td><td><a href="https://www.koblenz.de/downloads/aemter-und-eigenbetriebe/presse-und-oeffentlichkeitsarbeit/nahverkehrsplan/17.11.2015-qualitaetsanforderungen-der-stadt-koblenz-auf-basis-des-verbundstandards.pdf?cid=b91">https://www.koblenz.de/downloads/aemter-und-eigenbetriebe/presse-und-oeffentlichkeitsarbeit/nahverkehrsplan/17.11.2015-qualitaetsanforderungen-der-stadt-koblenz-auf-basis-des-verbundstandards.pdf?cid=b91</a></td></tr><tr><td>Krefeld</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Landshut</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lemgo</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lübben</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lübeck</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lüdenscheid</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ludwigsburg</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ludwigshafen</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Mainz</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Marburg</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Mönchengladbach</td><td>✅</td><td>151.03MHz</td><td>R09.16</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>München</td><td></td><td>149.41MHz, 150.81MHz, 152.91MHz, 154.01MHz, 171.03MHz</td><td>vrmtl. R09.16</td><td><a href="https://www.tirol.gv.at/fileadmin/themen/verkehr/verkehrsplanung/Verkehrsmanagement/Downloads/101022_PRL_VLSA-Tirol_V1.1_inkl_Anh01-Anh10.pdf">https://www.tirol.gv.at/fileadmin/themen/verkehr/verkehrsplanung/Verkehrsmanagement/Downloads/101022_PRL_VLSA-Tirol_V1.1_inkl_Anh01-Anh10.pdf</a>, <a href="https://www.mvv-muenchen.de/fileadmin/mediapool/07-Ueber_den_MVV/02-Dokumente/Ausschreibungen/Muster_2021_LB.pdf">https://www.mvv-muenchen.de/fileadmin/mediapool/07-Ueber_den_MVV/02-Dokumente/Ausschreibungen/Muster_2021_LB.pdf</a></td></tr><tr><td>Münster</td><td>✅</td><td>150.85MHz</td><td>R09.14</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Neu-Ulm</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Neubrandenburg</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Neumünster</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Nürnberg</td><td>✅</td><td>149.45MHz</td><td></td><td><a href="http://nbgsdr.ddns.net">http://nbgsdr.ddns.net</a></td></tr><tr><td>Offenburg</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Osnabrück</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Passau</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pforzheim</td><td></td><td>vrmtl. 152.93MHz</td><td>vrmtl. R09.14</td><td><a href="https://www.pforzheim.de/fileadmin/user_upload/veroeffentlichungen/vr_koenigsbach_neulingen/anlage_3_lsa_beschreibung_und_telegramm.pdf">https://www.pforzheim.de/fileadmin/user_upload/veroeffentlichungen/vr_koenigsbach_neulingen/anlage_3_lsa_beschreibung_und_telegramm.pdf</a></td></tr><tr><td>Pirmasens</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Regensburg</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Rostock</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Saarbrücken</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Schwerin</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Solingen</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Stuttgart</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ulm</td><td>✅</td><td>152.93MHz</td><td>R09.18</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Unna</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Weiden i. d. OPf.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Weimar</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Wiesbaden</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Wiesbaden Nord</td><td></td><td></td><td>R09.14</td><td><a href="https://www.bocholt.de/uploads/media/Angaben_im_Rahmen_der_Vorabbekanntmachung.pdf">https://www.bocholt.de/uploads/media/Angaben_im_Rahmen_der_Vorabbekanntmachung.pdf</a></td></tr><tr><td>Wolfsburg</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Wuppertal</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Zwickau</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

The following cities outside Germany also use this standard.

* Somewhere in Noway R09.16 is used: <https://ruter.no/globalassets/kollektivanbud/bussanbud/2019-busstjenester-romerike/vedlegg-1-bilag-1.3---tsp-v.1.0.pdf?id=13039>
* Austria/Tirol: 146.075MHz <https://www.tirol.gv.at/fileadmin/themen/verkehr/verkehrsplanung/Verkehrsmanagement/Downloads/101022_PRL_VLSA-Tirol_V1.1_inkl_Anh01-Anh10.pdf>
* Austria/Innsbruck: 168.525MHz\
  Austria/Tirol: 146.8MHz\
  <https://www.tirol.gv.at/fileadmin/themen/verkehr/verkehrsplanung/Verkehrsmanagement/Downloads/Systemstudie_DFI.pdf>
* Austria/Vienna: 146.075MHz\
  <https://www.wien.gv.at/wirtschaft/auftraggeber-stadt/pdf/wien-vi-003.pdf>
* Poland/Krakau: 448.0625MHz\
  <https://zdmk.krakow.pl/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Za%C5%82%C4%85cznik-nr-1-1.pdf>

## NEMO

| CIty            | Verified | Frequency | Telegram Type | Source |
| --------------- | -------- | --------- | ------------- | ------ |
| Plauen          |          | 149.49MHz |               |        |
| Mönchengladbach |          | 159.27MHz |               |        |

## TETRA

Bochum, Bonn, Dortmund, Cologne

## Tetrapol

Berlin (Buses), Hamburg

## Cellular Phone Network

Böblingen, Dresden, Düsseldorf, Heidenau

V2X in Dresden: <https://libdoc.fh-zwickau.de/opus4/frontdoor/deliver/index/docId/14549/file/Diplom_Morgner_Tobias_38460.pdf>

## WLAN IEEE802.11p -- ETSI ITS G5

Düsseldorf

Kassel: <https://www.testfeldmonitor.de/Testfeldmonitoring/DE/Suche/Testfeldmonitoring_Detailansicht_Projekt.html?cms_projektId=30>

## Others

Magdeburg (Infrared), Nordhausen (Oberleitungskontakte)